শুক্রবার, ১ মার্চ, ২০১৩

Futurity.org ? Trust warps memory to keep love strong

"One of the ways that trust is so good for relationships is that it makes us partly delusional," says Eli J. Finkel, professor of psychology at Northwestern University. (Credit: Derek Diamond/Flickr)

NORTHWESTERN (US) ? Trust fools us into remembering our partners as more considerate and less hurtful than they actually were, say researchers.

People who are highly trusting tended to remember transgressions in a way that benefits the relationship, remembering partner transgressions as less severe than they originally reported them to be.

People low on trust demonstrated the opposite pattern, remembering partner transgressions as being more severe than how they originally reported them to be.

?One of the ways that trust is so good for relationships is that it makes us partly delusional,? says Eli J. Finkel, professor of psychology at Northwestern University and co-author of the study published online in the Journal of Personality and Social Psychology.

Laura B. Luchies, lead author of the study and assistant professor of psychology at Redeemer University College, says the current psychological reality of your relationship isn?t what actually happened in the past, but rather the frequently distorted memory of what actually happened.

?You can remember your partner as better or as worse than he/she really was, and those biased memories are important determinants of how you think about your partner and your relationship,? she says.

Researchers have long known that trust is crucial to a well-functioning relationship.

?This research,? which is the first to systematically examine the role of trust in biasing memories of transgressions in romantic partnerships, ?presents a newer, deeper understanding,? Finkel says. ?It reveals that trust yields relationship-promoting distortions of the past.?

?If you talk to people who really trust their partner now, they forget some of the negative things their partner did in the past. If they don?t trust their partner much, they remember their partner doing negative things that the partner never actually did. They tend to misremember,? Luchies explains.

Researchers at Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, University of London, the University of Texas at Austin contributed to the study.

Source: Northwestern University

Source: http://www.futurity.org/society-culture/trust-warps-memory-to-keep-love-strong/

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Syrian rebel put his dreams on hold in civil war

In this Saturday, Nov. 17, 2012 image taken from video obtained from the Beloved of Allah Brigade , which has been authenticated based on its contents and other AP reporting, Syrian rebel Abdullah Qadi, foreground, addresses other fighters in the village of Orim, Syria. Qadi, a fresh graduate of veterinary school when Syria's conflict began, was killed this week while fighting the forces of President Bashar Assad.(AP Photo/Beloved of Allah Brigade via AP video)

In this Saturday, Nov. 17, 2012 image taken from video obtained from the Beloved of Allah Brigade , which has been authenticated based on its contents and other AP reporting, Syrian rebel Abdullah Qadi, foreground, addresses other fighters in the village of Orim, Syria. Qadi, a fresh graduate of veterinary school when Syria's conflict began, was killed this week while fighting the forces of President Bashar Assad.(AP Photo/Beloved of Allah Brigade via AP video)

In this Saturday, Nov. 17, 2012 image taken from video obtained from the Beloved of Allah Brigade , which has been authenticated based on its contents and other AP reporting, Syrian rebel Abdullah Qadi, second right, addresses other fighters in the village of Orim, Syria. Qadi, a fresh graduate of veterinary school when Syria's conflict began, was killed this week while fighting the forces of President Bashar Assad.(AP Photo/Beloved of Allah Brigade via AP video)

In this Sunday, Feb. 24, 2013 image taken from video obtained from Beloved of Allah Brigade, which has been authenticated based on its contents and other AP reporting, dead Syrian rebel fighter Abdullah Qadi lies on a floor before burial in Syria. Qadi, a fresh graduate of veterinary school when Syria's conflict began, was killed this week while fighting the forces of President Bashar Assad. (AP Photo/Beloved of Allah Brigade via AP video)

(AP) ? Abdullah Qadi stood apart from his fellow rebel fighters ? an educated young man from a poor farming town who managed to make it through veterinary school.

He was fresh out of school in March 2011, when Syria's uprising began and erased his career plans of treating animals and someday becoming a professor.

As the violence deepened into a civil war, Qadi worked as a medic but later took up arms when his brother was killed, becoming a field commander.

Qadi was leading fighters into battle against the government forces when I met him on two occasions last year, a 25-year-old who was swept up in events he didn't quite understand and didn't expect to survive.

"I try to ask myself where I'll be after the revolution, and I can't imagine myself anywhere but in the grave," Qadi told me the last time I saw him in person.

I saw Qadi again earlier this week: As I sat at my computer in Beirut, a YouTube video flashed across the screen showing his body after he had been killed in northern Syria during government shelling and airstrikes. The video, posted online by the rebels, declared him a "martyr" in the fight against President Bashar Assad.

___

EDITOR'S NOTE: Ben Hubbard, an Associated Press correspondent based in Beirut, interviewed rebel fighter Abdullah Qadi during reporting trips into Syria. Here is his remembrance of the young brigade commander who died this week while fighting in northern Syria.

___

Qadi's death was like many of the more than 70,000 in the civil war ? violent, fast and mostly invisible to the outside world, other than in a few posts on Facebook pages run by his friends.

For me, it was a moment of recognizing someone familiar in the stream of gruesome images from the nearly 2-year-old conflict.

Because the government bars most reporters from working in Syria, on-the-ground reporting can only be done on dangerous, clandestine trips into the country.

It was on one such trip in November that I spent several days with Qadi and his brigade in northern Syria, both in a simple farmhouse they used as a base near their hometown of Maaret Misreen and in a fancy villa where they squatted while planning to attack an army base.

Qadi fielded my questions about his group, answering softly and earnestly, laughing shyly at times without opening his mouth much to hide a chipped front tooth.

His college education made him different from most of his fellow fighters. He was shorter than many of his colleagues and he usually wore an army green sweater and camouflage pants. He had grown a beard in the revolutionary fashion, but it was too downy to harden his image.

When the political protests against Assad grew more violent, his future was changed forever. Instead of healing farm animals, his medical expertise was put to use in treating victims of the government crackdown.

Then, in December 2011, his brother, Mazen, was killed in a shootout with a pro-regime militia, and Qadi joined a new brigade called The Beloved of Allah, most of whose members were guys he grew up with.

Like most of those fighting Assad's forces, he was a devout Sunni Muslim who didn't fully agree with the jihadists and foreign fighters who had joined the civil war seeking to turn Syria into an Islamic state. But their presence didn't bother him enough to make him refuse their help in battle.

He was popular with his men and known for his caution, recalled Sair Schaib, another brigade member, in an interview via Skype.

Some chafed at times at Qadi's reluctance to push forward quickly, but they later appreciated it. They realized that despite all the talk of the glory of martyrdom, he really didn't want to get his men killed.

This week, Qadi's brigade was among the rebels who pushed into Khan al-Assal, a village east of Aleppo in northern Syria near a police academy that Assad's forces have turned into a military base that regularly fires shells at nearby villages.

Government forces heavily shelled the area and the rebels organized cars to evacuate the civilians, said Schaib, who was a few streets away from Qadi.

Then a government jet bombed them, damaging homes and wounding a number of fighters and civilians.

Once they had been evacuated, Schaib rejoined the rest of his group and found another fighter cradling Qadi's head in his lap and reciting the Muslim declaration of faith.

Qadi's colleagues announced his death on their Facebook page, telling his story in epic language that portrayed him as a model for all.

"He picked up his weapon and joined the valiant revolutionaries, a courageous hero who did not fear death, but instead asked Allah for it, seeking martyrdom and receiving it from Allah," it said. "You will live on in our presence and in or hearts as we continue the march until we reach one of two blessings, victory or martyrdom."

They also posted a video of his body, his face uncovered. His fellow rebels, their voices cracking with emotion, yelled "God is great!"

Qadi was buried Monday night in his hometown, next to his brother.

Months earlier, over a plate of chicken fingers and french fries, Qadi spoke of how he had deferred his dreams of work, graduate study and marriage to fight a war he didn't expect to see end.

But he didn't seem depressed at that late-night dinner. He had fully embraced his new life.

"I'm happy with the battles and the people I've gotten to know," Qadi said. "These are the best moments of my life."

Associated Press

Source: http://hosted2.ap.org/APDEFAULT/cae69a7523db45408eeb2b3a98c0c9c5/Article_2013-02-28-ML-Syria-Death-of-a-Rebel/id-2d226f68ee344be38d9945abf1fefed0

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Dust from Africa affects snowfall in California

This 2011 image provided by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration shows a field survey site in California's Sierra Nevada mountains. A new study published online Thursday, Feb. 28, 2013 in the journal Science found snowfall in the Sierras was influenced by dust and microbes from as far away as Africa. (AP Photo/Jessie Creamean/NOAA)

This 2011 image provided by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration shows a field survey site in California's Sierra Nevada mountains. A new study published online Thursday, Feb. 28, 2013 in the journal Science found snowfall in the Sierras was influenced by dust and microbes from as far away as Africa. (AP Photo/Jessie Creamean/NOAA)

(AP) ? One of the driest spots on Earth ? the Sahara desert ? is increasingly responsible for snow and rain half a world away in the western U.S., a new study released Thursday found.

It's no secret that winds carrying dust, soot and even germs make transcontinental journeys through the upper atmosphere that can affect the weather thousands of miles away. Yet little is known about the impact of foreign pollutants on the West Coast, which relies on mountain snowmelt for its water needs.

Previous studies hinted these jet-setting particles may retard rainfall in the Sierra Nevada mountains in Northern California by reducing the size of water droplets in clouds. But scientists who flew through storm clouds in an aircraft, measured rain and snow and analyzed satellite imagery found the opposite: Far-flung dust and germs can help stimulate precipitation.

During the 2011 winter, a team from the University of California, San Diego and National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration traced particles suspended in clouds over the Sierra to distant origins ? from the skies over the arid Sahara that later mingled with other pollutants in China and Mongolia before crossing the Pacific.

The days with the most particles in the clouds were also "days when we see the most snow on the ground," said study leader Kimberly Prather, an atmospheric chemistry professor at UC San Diego, whose study was published online Thursday in the journal Science.

Scientists believe wafting dust, grit and microbes ? including bacteria and viruses ? can spur the formation of ice crystals in clouds that in turn can influence how much rain or snow falls.

For years, governments and utilities in California and other Western states have used cloud seeding, in which a chemical vapor is sprayed into clouds, in a bid to increase rainfall.

The new study shows how "Mother Nature has figured out how to give us more precipitation" and that may lead to changes in cloud-seeding efforts, which can be hit-or-miss, Prather said.

David J. Smith at the NASA Kennedy Space Center said it was refreshing to see measurements from the ground, air and orbit to tackle how airborne particles affected Northern California snowfall.

"Such a comprehensive approach is the only way to thoroughly examine global transport" of particles, Smith, who had no role in the research, said in an email.

___

Online:

Science: http://www.sciencemag.org

___

Follow Alicia Chang at http://twitter.com/SciWriAlicia

Associated Press

Source: http://hosted2.ap.org/APDEFAULT/386c25518f464186bf7a2ac026580ce7/Article_2013-02-28-US-SCI-Western-Precipitation/id-d9999805e5254f34a0c3d4a13ce04ceb

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New York Times now serving up 15 free articles a day to Starbucks patrons

This paywall is making me thirsty.

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Source: PaidContent, New York Times

Source: http://www.engadget.com/2013/02/27/new-york-times-starbucks-15-free-articles/

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Karzai seeks control of all Afghan armed units

KABUL, Afghanistan (AP) ? President Hamid Karzai is demanding control of clandestine Afghan armed groups that are linked to U.S.-led forces amid complaints of abuses by the units.

Thursday's statement from Karzai's office orders a delegation to identify all armed units that work with coalition forces and operate independently from the government. It gives international forces three months to hand them over.

Presidential spokesman Aimal Faizi says the order does not refer to the Afghan Local Police, which are village defense units overseen by the Interior Ministry. Faizi says Karzai is referring to "parallel structures" created by U.S. special operations forces, the CIA and other military branches.

Afghans in the restive Wardak province have complained of torture, illegal detentions and other abuses at the hands of such units.

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/karzai-seeks-control-afghan-armed-units-165127422.html

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Health roundup: Breast cancer up among younger women

Women ages 25 to 39 might be developing advanced breast cancer at a slightly higher rate, according to an analysis published this week in the Journal of the American Medical Association.

The report, led by a Seattle doctor, noted that young women who get breast cancer tend to have a more aggressive form of the disease than older women, with a lower chance of survival.

The incidence of breast cancer in the 25-to-39 group rose from 1.53 per 100,000 in 1976 to 2.90 in 2009. That's an increase of 2.07 percent a year over 34 years, but "the trend shows no evidence for abatement," the authors wrote.

What's worse, the increase is happening in an age group that already has a poor prognosis for recovery, has no "routine screening practice" ? mammograms generally aren't recommended for women younger than 40 ? and whose members often don't have health insurance.

The analysis found much smaller increases among older age groups, and there was no statistically significant increase in any group over 55.

Drug restraint urged for ear ills

Parents who have kids with ear infections want something to just make it stop ? the child's pain and discomfort, as well as the sleepless nights.

The feeling that doctors too often give in to desperate parents and overprescribe antibiotics for such infections seems to be at the heart of new guidelines issued this week by the American Academy of Pediatrics.

The new guidance, published in the journal Pediatrics, urges doctors to avoid giving antibiotics unless they're sure there really is an infection. Overprescribing drugs to fight bacteria could result in the drug losing its effectiveness the next time, as the bug develops a resistance.

About 70 percent of kids with ear infections get better on their own in two to three days, and about 80 percent recover in seven to 10 days, said Dr. Richard Rosenfeld of the State University of New York's Downstate Medical Center, who helped craft the new guidelines, on National Public Radio.

Weight surgery safety rule studied

In 2006, the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services began restricting bariatric operations to medical facilities that had the credentials to become "centers of excellence," often a hospital. The institution must perform at least 125 weight-loss procedures a year, as well as meet other benchmarks.

The goal was to improve the quality of care, but the shift hasn't improved outcomes for those patients, according to a new study in the Journal of the American Medical Association.

A University of Michigan doctor led an analysis of hospital discharge data from 12 states between 2004 and 2009, covering more than 321,000 patients. There was no "measurable improvements" in outcomes after the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services put its national coverage decision in place.

Among those studied before the 2006 decision, 3.3 percent had serious complications, compared with 3.6 percent after. Exactly 1 percent of patients underwent a re-operation before the 2006 move, compared with 1.1 percent after.

Contact the writer: 714-796-2221 or lhall@ocregister.com


Source: http://www.ocregister.com/articles/percent-497635-new-breast.html

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